Kapangidwe kabatri ya lithiamu

Kapangidwe ka zinthu za mabatire a lithiamu makamaka kamakhala ndi zinthu zabwino za electrode, zinthu zoyipa za electrode, zolekanitsa, ma electrolyte, ndi ma casing.

1. Pakati pa zipangizo zabwino za electrode, zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi lithiamu cobalt, lithiamu manganate, lithiamu iron phosphate ndi zipangizo za ternary (ma polima a nickel, cobalt ndi manganese). Zinthu zabwino za electrode zimakhala ndi gawo lalikulu (chiŵerengero cha kulemera kwa zipangizo zabwino ndi zoipa za electrode ndi 3:1 ~ 4:1), chifukwa magwiridwe antchito a zinthu zabwino za electrode amakhudza mwachindunji magwiridwe antchito a batri ya lithiamu-ion, ndipo mtengo wake umazindikiranso mwachindunji mtengo wa batri.
2. Pakati pa zipangizo za ma electrode oipa, graphite yachilengedwe ndi graphite yochita kupanga pakadali pano ndi zinthu zazikulu za ma electrode oipa. Zipangizo za anode zomwe zikufufuzidwa zikuphatikizapo nitrides, polyaspartic acid, tin-based oxides, tin alloys, nano-anode materials, ndi zina zosakaniza zapakati pa metallic. Monga chimodzi mwa zinthu zinayi zazikulu za mabatire a lithiamu, zipangizo za ma electrode oipa zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakukweza mphamvu ya batri ndi magwiridwe antchito a cycle, ndipo zili pakati pa makampani apakati a batri a lithiamu.
3. Zipangizo za diaphragm zomwe zimayang'ana pamsika makamaka ndi ma diaphragm a polyolefin, omwe amapangidwa makamaka ndi polyethylene ndi polypropylene. Mu kapangidwe ka batire ya lithiamu, separator ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo zofunika kwambiri zamkati. Kagwiridwe ka ntchito ka separator kamatsimikiza kapangidwe ka mawonekedwe ndi kukana kwamkati kwa batire, zomwe zimakhudza mwachindunji mphamvu, kuzungulira ndi magwiridwe antchito achitetezo a batire. Separator yokhala ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakukweza magwiridwe antchito onse a batire.
4. Electrolyte nthawi zambiri imapangidwa ndi zinthu zosungunulira zachilengedwe zoyera kwambiri, mchere wa lithiamu wa electrolyte, zowonjezera zofunika ndi zinthu zina zopangira pamlingo winawake pansi pa mikhalidwe ina. Electrolyte imagwira ntchito yoyendetsa ma ayoni pakati pa ma electrode abwino ndi oipa a batri ya lithiamu, zomwe ndi chitsimikizo cha mphamvu yamagetsi yapamwamba komanso mphamvu yapadera ya batri ya lithiamu ion.
5. Chikwama cha batri: chogawidwa m'zikwama zachitsulo, chikwama cha aluminiyamu, chikwama chachitsulo chophimbidwa ndi nickel (cha mabatire ozungulira), filimu ya aluminiyamu-pulasitiki (yofewa), ndi zina zotero, komanso chivundikiro cha batri, chomwe chilinso malo abwino ndi oipa a batri.
6. Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya Battery
7. Batire ikadzayidwa, ma lithiamu ions amapangidwa pa electrode yabwino ya batire, ndipo ma lithiamu ions opangidwa amasamukira ku electrode yoyipa kudzera mu electrolyte. Kapangidwe ka kaboni ka electrode yoyipa kamakhala ndi ma pores ambiri, ndipo ma lithiamu ions omwe amafika pa electrode yoyipa amaikidwa mu ma micropores a carbon layer. Ma lithiamu ions ambiri akadzayidwa, mphamvu yochaja imakhala yayikulu. Batire ikadzayidwa, ma lithiamu ions omwe amadzayidwa mu carbon layer ya electrode yoyipa amatuluka ndikubwerera ku electrode yabwino. Ma lithiamu ions ambiri akadzabwerera ku electrode yabwino, mphamvu yotulutsa imakwera. Nthawi zambiri, mphamvu yotulutsa imatanthauza mphamvu yotulutsa. Pa nthawi yochaja ndi kutulutsa batire ya lithiamu, ma lithiamu ions amakhala mumkhalidwe wosuntha kuchokera ku electrode yabwino kupita ku electrode yoyipa. Ngati chithunzi cha batire ya lithiamu chiyerekezeredwa ndi mpando wogwedezeka, malekezero awiri a mpando wogwedezeka ndi ma electrode abwino ndi oipa a batire, ndipo ma lithiamu ions ali ngati othamanga, akuthamanga pakati pa malekezero awiri a mpando wogwedezeka. Chifukwa chake mabatire a lithiamu amatchedwanso mabatire a mpando wogwedezeka.