1. Mavuto a kuipitsidwa pambuyo pobwezeretsanso lithiamu iron phosphate
Msika wobwezeretsanso mabatire amagetsi ndi waukulu kwambiri, ndipo malinga ndi mabungwe ofufuza oyenerera, kuchuluka kwa mabatire amagetsi omwe achotsedwa ntchito ku China kukuyembekezeka kufika pa 137.4MWh pofika chaka cha 2025.
Kutenga mabatire a lithiamu chitsulo cha phosphateMwachitsanzo, pali njira ziwiri makamaka zobwezeretsanso ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mabatire amagetsi ogwiritsidwa ntchito: imodzi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mabatire amagetsi, ndipo inayo ndi kuphwasula ndi kubwezeretsanso.
Kugwiritsa ntchito ma cascade kumatanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito mabatire amphamvu a lithiamu iron phosphate okhala ndi mphamvu yotsala pakati pa 30% mpaka 80% pambuyo powachotsa ndi kuwaphatikizanso, ndikuyika m'malo opanda mphamvu zambiri monga malo osungira mphamvu.
Kuchotsa ndi kubwezeretsanso, monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, kumatanthauza kuchotseratu mabatire amphamvu a lithiamu iron phosphate pamene mphamvu yotsalayo ili yochepera 30%, ndi kubwezeretsa zinthu zawo zopangira, monga lithiamu, phosphorous, ndi iron mu electrode yabwino.
Kuchotsa ndi kubwezeretsanso mabatire a lithiamu-ion kungachepetse kukumba zinthu zatsopano kuti ziteteze chilengedwe komanso kukhala ndi phindu lalikulu pazachuma, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri ndalama zogulira zinthu, ndalama zopangira, ndalama zogwirira ntchito, komanso ndalama zokonzera mzere wopangira.
Cholinga chachikulu cha kugwetsa ndi kubwezeretsanso mabatire a lithiamu-ion chimakhala ndi masitepe otsatirawa: choyamba, kusonkhanitsa ndi kugawa mabatire a lithiamu otayidwa m'magulu, kenako kung'amba mabatirewo, kenako kulekanitsa ndi kuyeretsa zitsulozo. Pambuyo pa opaleshoniyi, zitsulo ndi zipangizo zomwe zapezeka zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mabatire atsopano kapena zinthu zina, zomwe zimapulumutsa ndalama zambiri.
Komabe, tsopano kuphatikiza gulu la makampani obwezeretsanso mabatire, monga kampani ya Ningde Times Holding Co., Ltd. yomwe ndi kampani ya Guangdong Bangpu Circular Technology Co., Ltd., onse akukumana ndi vuto lalikulu: kubwezeretsa mabatire kudzapanga zinthu zina zoopsa ndi kutulutsa zinthu zoipitsa. Msika ukufunika mwachangu ukadaulo watsopano kuti uwonjezere kuipitsa ndi poizoni wa kubwezeretsa mabatire.
2.LBNL yapeza zipangizo zatsopano zothetsera mavuto a kuipitsa mpweya pambuyo pobwezeretsanso mabatire.
Posachedwapa, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) ku United States yalengeza kuti yapeza chinthu chatsopano chomwe chingabwezeretse mabatire a lithiamu-ion otayidwa ndi madzi okha.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory inakhazikitsidwa mu 1931 ndipo imayang'aniridwa ndi University of California ku US Department of Energy's Science Office. Yapambana mphoto 16 za Nobel.
Zipangizo zatsopano zomwe zinapangidwa ndi Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory zimatchedwa Quick-Release Binder. Mabatire a lithiamu-ion opangidwa kuchokera ku zinthuzi amatha kubwezeretsedwanso mosavuta, osawononga chilengedwe, komanso osawononga. Amangofunika kuchotsedwa ndikuyikidwa m'madzi amchere, ndikugwedezeka pang'onopang'ono kuti alekanitse zinthu zofunika. Kenako, zitsulozo zimasefedwa m'madzi ndikuumitsidwa.
Poyerekeza ndi kubwezeretsanso kwa lithiamu-ion komwe kulipo panopa, komwe kumaphatikizapo kuduladula ndi kupukuta mabatire, kutsatiridwa ndi kuyaka kuti chitsulo ndi zinthu zilekanitsidwe, ili ndi poizoni woopsa komanso ntchito yake yoipa yoteteza chilengedwe. Zinthu zatsopanozi zili ngati usiku ndi usana poyerekeza.
Kumapeto kwa Seputembala 2022, ukadaulo uwu unasankhidwa kukhala umodzi mwa ukadaulo 100 wosinthika womwe unapangidwa padziko lonse lapansi mu 2022 ndi Mphotho za R&D 100.
Monga tikudziwira, mabatire a lithiamu-ion amapangidwa ndi ma electrode abwino ndi oipa, olekanitsa, electrolyte, ndi zinthu zomangira, koma momwe zigawozi zimaphatikizidwira m'mabatire a lithiamu-ion sizikudziwika bwino.
Mu mabatire a lithiamu-ion, chinthu chofunikira chomwe chimasunga kapangidwe ka batire ndi guluu.
Chojambulira chatsopano cha Quick-Release Binder chomwe chapezedwa ndi ofufuza a Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory chapangidwa ndi polyacrylic acid (PAA) ndi polyethylene imine (PEI), zomwe zimalumikizidwa ndi ma bond pakati pa maatomu a nayitrogeni omwe ali ndi mphamvu zabwino mu PEI ndi maatomu a okosijeni omwe ali ndi mphamvu zoyipa mu PAA.
Pamene Quick-Release Binder ikayikidwa m'madzi amchere okhala ndi sodium hydroxide (Na+OH-), ma sodium ion amalowa mwadzidzidzi pamalo omatira, ndikulekanitsa ma polima awiriwa. Ma polima olekanitsidwawo amasungunuka mumadzimadzi, ndikutulutsa zigawo zilizonse za electrode zomwe zayikidwa.
Ponena za mtengo, ikagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma electrode abwino ndi oipa a batri ya lithiamu, mtengo wa guluu uwu ndi pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo khumi a awiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
Nthawi yotumizira: Epulo-25-2023