Ndi chitukuko chachangu chabatri ya lithiamuMu mafakitale, zochitika zogwiritsira ntchito mabatire a lithiamu zikupitilira kukula ndikukhala chida chofunikira kwambiri pamoyo wa anthu ndi ntchito zawo. Ponena za njira yopangira opanga mabatire a lithiamu opangidwa mwamakonda, njira yopangira mabatire a lithiamu imaphatikizapo zosakaniza, zokutira, mapepala, kukonzekera, kupotoza, kupukuta, kuphika, kulowetsa madzi, kuwotcherera, ndi zina zotero. Izi zikuwonetsa mfundo zazikulu za njira yopangira mabatire a lithiamu. Zosakaniza zabwino za ma electrode Ma electrode abwino a mabatire a lithiamu amapangidwa ndi zinthu zogwira ntchito, zinthu zoyendetsera, zomatira, ndi zina zotero. Choyamba, zinthu zopangira zimatsimikiziridwa ndikuphikidwa. Nthawi zambiri, chothandizira choyendetsera chiyenera kuphikidwa pa ≈120℃ kwa maola 8, ndipo chomatira cha PVDF chiyenera kuphikidwa pa ≈80℃ kwa maola 8. Kaya zinthu zogwira ntchito (LFP, NCM, ndi zina zotero) zimafuna kuphika ndi kuumitsa zimatengera momwe zinthu zopangira zilili. Pakadali pano, malo ogwirira ntchito a batire a lithiamu amafunikira kutentha ≤40℃ ndi chinyezi ≤25%RH. Kuumitsa kukamalizidwa, guluu wa PVDF (PVDF solvent, NMP solution) uyenera kukonzedwa pasadakhale. Ubwino wa guluu wa PVDF ndi wofunikira kwambiri pa kukana kwamkati ndi magwiridwe antchito amagetsi a batri. Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kugwiritsa ntchito guluu ndi monga kutentha ndi liwiro loyambitsa. Kutentha kukakhala kwakukulu, chikasu cha guluu chidzakhudza kumatirira. Ngati liwiro losakaniza lili mofulumira kwambiri, guluu limatha kuwonongeka mosavuta. Liwiro lozungulira lenileni limadalira kukula kwa disk yogawa. Kawirikawiri, liwiro la dispersion disk ndi 10-15m/s (kutengera zida). Panthawiyi, thanki yosakaniza imafunika kuti itsegule madzi ozungulira, ndipo kutentha kuyenera kukhala ≤30°C.

Onjezani slurry ya cathode m'magulu. Panthawiyi, muyenera kusamala ndi dongosolo lowonjezera zinthu. Choyamba onjezani zinthu zogwira ntchito ndi chothandizira, sakanizani pang'onopang'ono, kenako onjezani guluu. Nthawi yodyetsa ndi chiŵerengero cha chakudya ziyeneranso kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala malinga ndi njira yopangira batri ya lithiamu. Kachiwiri, liwiro lozungulira ndi liwiro lozungulira la zida ziyenera kulamulidwa mosamala. Nthawi zambiri, liwiro la kufalikira kwa mzere liyenera kukhala loposa 17m/s. Izi zimadalira momwe chipangizocho chikuyendera. Opanga osiyanasiyana amasiyana kwambiri. Komanso wongolerani vacuum ndi kutentha kwa kusakaniza. Pa siteji iyi, kukula kwa tinthu ndi kukhuthala kwa slurry kuyenera kuzindikirika nthawi zonse. Kukula kwa tinthu ndi kukhuthala kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi zomwe zili zolimba, katundu wa zinthu, njira yodyetsera ndi njira yopangira batri ya lithiamu. Panthawiyi, njira yachikhalidwe imafuna kutentha ≤30℃, chinyezi ≤25%RH, ndi digiri ya vacuum ≤-0.085mpa. Samutsani slurry ku thanki yosamutsira kapena malo opaka utoto. Slurry ikatulutsidwa, iyenera kufufuzidwa. Cholinga chake ndikusefa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono, kugwetsa ndikuchotsa ferromagnetic ndi zinthu zina. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono timakhudza chophimbacho ndipo tingayambitse kudzitulutsa tokha kwambiri kapena chiopsezo cha kufupika kwa magetsi; zinthu zambiri za ferromagnetic zomwe zili mu slurry zingayambitse kudzitulutsa tokha kwambiri komanso zolakwika zina. Zofunikira pakupanga batire ya lithiamu iyi ndi izi: kutentha ≤ 40°C, chinyezi ≤ 25% RH, kukula kwa mesh ya screen ≤ 100 mesh, ndi kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ≤ 15um.

Elekitirodi yoyipaZosakaniza Ma electrode oipa a batire ya lithiamu amapangidwa ndi zinthu zogwira ntchito, chothandizira, cholumikizira ndi chotulutsira madzi. Choyamba, tsimikizirani zopangira. Dongosolo lachikhalidwe la anode ndi njira yosakaniza yochokera m'madzi (chosungunulira ndi madzi osasinthidwa), kotero palibe zofunikira zapadera zowumitsa pa zopangira. Njira yopangira batire ya lithiamu imafuna kuti mphamvu ya madzi osasinthidwa ikhale ≤1us/cm. Zofunikira pa ntchito: kutentha ≤40℃, chinyezi ≤25%RH. Konzani guluu. Zinthu zopangira zitatsimikizika, guluu (wopangidwa ndi CMC ndi madzi) uyenera kukonzedwa kaye. Pakadali pano, tsanulirani graphite C ndi chothandizira mu chosakanizira kuti musakanize mouma. Ndikofunikira kuti musayatse kapena kuyatsa madzi ozungulira, chifukwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono timatulutsidwa, kukwezedwa ndikutenthedwa panthawi yosakaniza mouma. Liwiro lozungulira ndi lotsika 15 ~ 20rpm, nthawi yokanda ndi kupukusa ndi nthawi 2-3, ndipo nthawi yopumira ndi ≈15min. Thirani guluu mu chosakanizira ndikuyamba kutsuka (≤-0.09mpa). Finyani rabala pa liwiro lotsika la 15 ~ 20rpm kwa nthawi ziwiri, kenako sinthani liwiro (liwiro lotsika 35rpm, liwiro lalikulu 1200 ~ 1500rpm), ndikuyendetsa kwa mphindi pafupifupi 15 ~ 60 kutengera njira yonyowa ya wopanga aliyense. Pomaliza, tsanulirani SBR mu blender. Kusakaniza kotsika kumalimbikitsidwa chifukwa SBR ndi polima wautali wa unyolo. Ngati liwiro lozungulira likuyenda mofulumira kwambiri kwa nthawi yayitali, unyolo wa molekyulu udzasweka mosavuta ndikutaya ntchito. Ndikofunikira kusakaniza pa liwiro lotsika la 35-40rpm ndi liwiro lalikulu la 1200-1800rpm kwa mphindi 10-20. Yesani kukhuthala (2000 ~ 4000 mPa.s), kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono (35um≤), kuchuluka kolimba (40-70%), digiri ya vacuum ndi ma mesh otchingira (≤100 mesh). Mitengo yeniyeni ya njira imasiyana malinga ndi mawonekedwe enieni a chinthucho ndi njira yosakaniza. Malo ogwirira ntchito amafunika kutentha kwa ≤30℃ ndi chinyezi cha ≤25%RH. Kuphimba cathode Njira yopangira batire ya lithiamu imatanthauza kutulutsa kapena kupopera slurry ya cathode pamwamba pa AB ya chosonkhanitsa cha aluminiyamu, ndi kukhuthala kamodzi kwa ≈20~40 mg/cm2 (mtundu wa batire ya lithiamu ya ternary). Kutentha kwa ng'anjo nthawi zambiri kumakhala kopitilira ma knots 4 mpaka 8, ndipo kutentha kwa gawo lililonse kumasinthidwa pakati pa 95°C ndi 120°C malinga ndi zosowa zenizeni kuti tipewe ming'alu yopingasa ndi kudontha kwa solvent panthawi yophika. Chiŵerengero cha liwiro la roller yophimba ndi 1.1-1.2, ndipo malo olekanitsidwa amachepetsedwa ndi 20-30um kuti tipewe kupanikizika kwambiri kwa malo olembera chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kwa batire, zomwe zingayambitse mvula ya lithiamu. Kuphimba chinyezi ≤2000-3000ppm (kutengera zinthu ndi njira). Kutentha kwa ma electrode abwino mu workshop ndi ≤30℃ ndipo chinyezi ndi ≤25%. Chithunzi cha schematic ndi ichi: Chithunzi cha schematic cha tepi yophimba

Thekupanga batri ya lithiamunjira yachophimba cha electrode choipaAmatanthauza kutulutsa kapena kupopera matope a electrode yoyipa pamwamba pa AB ya copper current collector. Kuchuluka kwa pamwamba pa ≈ 10 ~ 15 mg/cm2. Kutentha kwa ng'anjo yophimba nthawi zambiri kumakhala ndi magawo 4-8 (kapena kuposerapo), ndipo kutentha kwa kuphika kwa gawo lililonse ndi 80℃ ~ 105℃. Kungasinthidwe malinga ndi zosowa zenizeni kuti tipewe ming'alu yophika ndi ming'alu yopingasa. Chiŵerengero cha liwiro la roller yosinthira ndi 1.2-1.3, mpata umachepetsedwa ndi 10-15um, kuchuluka kwa utoto ndi ≤3000ppm, kutentha kwa electrode yoyipa mu workshop ndi ≤30℃, ndipo chinyezi ndi ≤25%. Pambuyo poti positive coating ya positive plate yauma, ng'oma iyenera kulumikizidwa mkati mwa nthawi yopangira. Roller imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukanikiza pepala la electrode (kulemera kwa dressing pa unit volume). Pakadali pano, pali njira ziwiri zabwino zokanikiza ma electrode mu njira yopangira batire ya lithiamu: kukanikiza kotentha ndi kukanikiza kozizira. Poyerekeza ndi kukanikiza kozizira, kukanikiza kotentha kumakhala ndi kukanikiza kwakukulu komanso kutsika kwa rebound rate. Komabe, njira yokanikiza yozizira ndi yosavuta komanso yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso kuwongolera. Zipangizo zazikulu za roller ndikupeza miyezo yotsatirayi ya ndondomeko, kuchulukana kwa compaction, rebound rate ndi elongation. Nthawi yomweyo, ziyenera kudziwika kuti brittle chips, hard bumps, falling materials, wavy edges, etc. siziloledwa pamwamba pa ndodo, ndipo breaks siziloledwa m'mipata. Panthawiyi, kutentha kwa malo ogwirira ntchito: ≤23℃, chinyezi: ≤25%. Kuchuluka kwenikweni kwa zipangizo zamakono:

Kukanikiza komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri:

Kubwerera m'mbuyo kwa liwiro: kubwerera m'mbuyo kwa 2-3 μm

Kutalika: Pepala la electrode labwino nthawi zambiri limakhala ≈1.002

Pambuyo poti electrode positive roll yatha, gawo lotsatira ndikugawa chidutswa chonse cha electrode m'zidutswa zazing'ono za mulifupi womwewo (zofanana ndi kutalika kwa batri). Mukadula, samalani ndi ma burrs a chidutswa cha pole. Ndikofunikira kuyang'ana bwino zidutswa za pole za ma burrs m'njira za X ndi Y pogwiritsa ntchito zida ziwiri. Kutalika kwa njira ya burr ya longitudinal burr Y≤1/2 H makulidwe a diaphragm. Kutentha kwa malo ogwirira ntchito kuyenera kukhala ≤23℃, ndipo mame point ayenera kukhala ≤-30℃. Njira yopangira mapepala a electrode negative a lithiamu battery negative electrode sheets ndi yofanana ndi ya ma electrode negative, koma kapangidwe ka njira ndi kosiyana. Kutentha kwa malo ogwirira ntchito kuyenera kukhala ≤23℃ ndipo chinyezi chiyenera kukhala ≤25%. Kuchulukana kwenikweni kwa zinthu zodziwika bwino za electrode negative:

Kukanikiza kwa ma electrode oipa komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri: Kubwerera m'mbuyo: Kubwerera m'mbuyo 4-8um Kutalika: Mbale yabwino nthawi zambiri ≈ 1.002 Njira yopangira ma electrode abwino a lithiamu batire ndi yofanana ndi njira yochotsera ma electrode abwino, ndipo onse ayenera kuwongolera ma burrs m'njira za X ndi Y. Kutentha kwa malo ogwirira ntchito kuyenera kukhala ≤23℃, ndipo mame ayenera kukhala ≤-30℃. Mbale yabwino ikakonzeka kuchotsedwa, mbale yabwino iyenera kuumitsidwa (120°C), kenako pepala la aluminiyamu limakulungidwa ndikupakidwa. Panthawiyi, kutalika kwa tabu ndi m'lifupi mwake ziyenera kuganiziridwa. Potengera kapangidwe ka **650 (monga batire ya 18650) mwachitsanzo, kapangidwe ka ma tabo owonekera makamaka ndi kuganizira mgwirizano woyenera wa ma cathode tabs panthawi yoweta cap and roll groove. Ngati ma pole tabs awonekera kwa nthawi yayitali, short circuit ingachitike mosavuta pakati pa ma pole tabs ndi chipolopolo chachitsulo panthawi yozungulira. Ngati lug ndi yayifupi kwambiri, chivundikiro sichingagulitsidwe. Pakadali pano, pali mitundu iwiri ya mitu yolumikizira ya ultrasonic: yolunjika ndi yooneka ngati nsonga. Njira zapakhomo nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito mitu yolumikizira yolunjika chifukwa cha kuganizira za mphamvu ya overcurrent ndi welding. Kuphatikiza apo, guluu wotentha kwambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphimba ma solder tabu, makamaka kupewa chiopsezo cha ma short circuits omwe amayambitsidwa ndi zitsulo ndi zinyalala zachitsulo. Kutentha kozungulira kwa workshop kuyenera kukhala ≤23℃, mame point ayenera kukhala ≤-30℃, ndipo chinyezi cha cathode chiyenera kukhala ≤500-1000ppm.

Kukonzekera Mbale YoipaMbale yoyipa iyenera kuumitsidwa (105-110°C), kenako mapepala a nickel amawotcherera ndi kupakidwa. Kutalika kwa tabu yosonkhanitsira ndi m'lifupi mwake ziyeneranso kuganiziridwa. Kutentha kwa malo ogwirira ntchito kuyenera kukhala ≤23℃, mame ayenera kukhala ≤-30℃, ndipo chinyezi cha electrode yoyipa chiyenera kukhala ≤500-1000ppm. Kupindika ndiko kupindika cholekanitsa, pepala la electrode labwino ndi pepala la electrode loyipa kukhala pakati pa chitsulo kudzera mu makina opindika. Mfundo yaikulu ndikukulunga electrode yabwino ndi electrode yoyipa, kenako ndikulekanitsa ma electrode abwino ndi oipa kudzera mu chogawa. Popeza electrode yoyipa ya dongosolo lachikhalidwe ndi electrode yowongolera kapangidwe ka batri, kapangidwe ka mphamvu ndi kokwera kuposa ka electrode yabwino, kotero kuti panthawi yopangira, Li+ ya electrode yabwino ikhoza kusungidwa "pamalo opanda kanthu" a electrode yoyipa. Chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa ku kugwedezeka kwa kuzungulira ndi kapangidwe ka pole pamene kupindika. Kugwedezeka kochepa kwambiri kudzakhudza kukana kwamkati ndi kuchuluka kwa nyumba. Kukakamira kwambiri kungayambitse chiopsezo cha kugwedezeka kwa magetsi kapena kusweka kwa magetsi. Kugwirizana kumatanthauza malo ogwirizana a electrode yoyipa, electrode yoyipa, ndi yolekanitsa. M'lifupi mwa electrode yoyipa ndi 59.5 mm, electrode yoyipa ndi 58 mm, ndipo cholekanitsa ndi 61 mm. Zitatuzi zimayikidwa bwino panthawi yosewera kuti zipewe chiopsezo cha kugwedezeka kwa magetsi. Kugwedezeka kwa magetsi nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa 0.08-0.15Mpa pa pole yoyipa, 0.08-0.15Mpa pa pole yoyipa, 0.08-0.15Mpa pa diaphragm yapamwamba, ndi 0.08-0.15Mpa pa diaphragm yapansi. Kusintha kwina kumadalira zida ndi njira. Kutentha kwa malo ogwirira ntchito iyi ndi ≤23℃, mame ndi ≤-30℃, ndipo chinyezi ndi ≤500-1000ppm.

Batire lokhala ndi chivundikiro lisanayikidwe m'chivundikirocho, pamafunika mayeso a Hi-Pot a 200 ~ 500V (kuti muyese ngati batire yamagetsi amphamvu kwambiri ndi yofupikitsidwa), ndipo vacuum cleaner imafunikanso kuti muwongolere fumbi musanayikidwe m'chivundikirocho. Malo atatu akuluakulu owongolera mabatire a lithiamu ndi chinyezi, ma burrs ndi fumbi. Pambuyo poti njira yapitayi yatha, ikani gasket yapansi pansi pa batire, pindani pepala la electrode labwino kuti pamwamba pake payang'ane ndi pinhole yozungulira ya batire, ndipo potsiriza liyikeni molunjika mu chivundikiro chachitsulo kapena chivundikiro cha aluminiyamu. Potengera mtundu wa 18650 mwachitsanzo, mainchesi akunja ≈ 18mm + kutalika ≈ 71.5mm. Pamene malo opingasa a chivundikiro cha chivundikirocho ndi ocheperapo kuposa malo opingasa amkati a chivundikiro chachitsulo, kuchuluka kwa chivundikiro chachitsulo ndi pafupifupi 97% mpaka 98.5%. Chifukwa mtengo wobwerera wa chidutswa cha pole ndi kuchuluka kwa kulowa kwa madzi panthawi yobayira pambuyo pake ziyenera kuganiziridwa. Njira yofanana ndi yoyika pamwamba pa nthaka imaphatikizapo kusonkhanitsa pamwamba pa nthaka. Kutentha kwa malo ogwirira ntchito kuyenera kukhala ≤23℃, ndipo mame ayenera kukhala ≤-40℃.

Kugubuduzaimayika pini yosokera (nthawi zambiri yopangidwa ndi mkuwa kapena alloy) pakati pa pakati pa solder. Ma pini osokera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi Φ2.5 * 1.6mm, ndipo mphamvu yosokera ya electrode yoyipa iyenera kukhala ≥12N kuti iyenerere. Ngati ili yotsika kwambiri, ingayambitse kusokosera kwapadera komanso kukana kwambiri mkati. Ngati ili yokwera kwambiri, ndikosavuta kusokera gawo la nickel pamwamba pa chipolopolo chachitsulo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma solder agwirizane, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zoopsa zobisika monga dzimbiri ndi kutuluka kwa madzi. Kumvetsetsa kosavuta kwa gudumu lozungulira ndikukhazikitsa pakati pa batri ya bala pa casing popanda kugwedezeka. Pakupanga batri ya lithiamu iyi, chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa pakufananiza liwiro lopitilira komanso liwiro lokakamiza la longitudinal kuti mupewe kudula casing pa liwiro lopitirira kwambiri, ndipo gawo la nickel la notch lidzagwa ngati liwiro lopitirira ndi lachangu kwambiri kapena kutalika kwa notch kudzakhudzidwa ndipo kutseka kudzakhudzidwa. Ndikofunikira kuwona ngati miyezo ya njira ya kuya kwa groove, kutambasula ndi kutalika kwa groove ikugwirizana ndi miyezo (ndi mawerengedwe othandiza komanso oganiza). Kukula kofanana kwa chitofu ndi 1.0, 1.2 ndi 1.5 mm. Pambuyo poti chopondera chimalizidwa, makina onse amafunika kutsukidwanso kuti apewe zinyalala zachitsulo. Mlingo wa vacuum uyenera kukhala ≤-0.065Mpa, ndipo nthawi yotsukidwa iyenera kukhala 1 ~ 2s. Zofunikira kutentha kwa malo ogwirira ntchito iyi ndi ≤23℃, ndipo mame ndi ≤-40℃. Kuphika pakati pa batri Pambuyo poti mapepala a batri ozungulira azunguliridwa ndikuzunguliridwa, njira yotsatira yopangira batri ya lithiamu ndiyofunika kwambiri: kuphika. Pakupanga maselo a batri, chinyezi china chimayambitsidwa. Ngati chinyezi sichingalamuliridwe mkati mwa nthawi yokhazikika, magwiridwe antchito ndi chitetezo cha batri zidzakhudzidwa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, uvuni wodzipangira wokha umagwiritsidwa ntchito pophika. Konzani maselo kuti aphikidwe bwino, ikani desiccant mu uvuni, ikani magawo, ndikukweza kutentha kufika 85°C (potengera mabatire a lithiamu iron phosphate mwachitsanzo). Izi ndi miyezo yophikira ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maselo a batri:

Jakisoni wa MadziNjira yopangira mabatire a lithiamu imaphatikizapo kuyesa chinyezi cha maselo a batire ophikidwa. Mukangofika pa miyezo yakale yophikira, mutha kupita ku gawo lotsatira: kubaya electrolyte. Ikani mabatire ophikidwa mwachangu m'bokosi la vacuum glove, yesani ndikulemba kulemera, ikani pa chikho chobayira, ndikuwonjezera kulemera komwe kwapangidwa kwa electrolyte m'kapu (nthawi zambiri mayeso a batire oviikidwa m'madzi amachitidwa: ikani batire m'kapu pakati). Ikani pakati pa batire mu electrolyte, ilowetseni kwa kanthawi, yesani mphamvu yayikulu yoyamwa madzi ya batire (nthawi zambiri mudzaze madziwo malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa kuyesa), ikani m'bokosi la vacuum kuti muchotse vacuum (vacuum degree ≤ -0.09Mpa), ndikufulumizitsa kulowa kwa electrolyte mu electrode. Pambuyo pa maulendo angapo, chotsani zidutswa za batire ndikuziyeza. Werengani ngati voliyumu ya jakisoni ikukwaniritsa kapangidwe kake. Ngati ndi yocheperako, iyenera kuwonjezeredwa. Ngati pali yochulukirapo, ingotsanulirani yochulukirapo mpaka mutakwaniritsa zofunikira pa kapangidwe kake. Malo osungira magolovesi amafunika kutentha ≤23℃ ndi mame point ≤-45℃.

kuwotchereraPa nthawi yopanga mabatire a lithiamu, chivundikiro cha batire chiyenera kuyikidwa m'bokosi la magolovesi pasadakhale, ndipo chivundikiro cha batire chiyenera kukhazikika pa nkhungu yapansi ya makina ochapira kwambiri ndi dzanja limodzi, ndipo pakati pa batire payenera kugwiridwa ndi dzanja lina. Gwirizanitsani lug yabwino ya selo ya batire ndi lug yomaliza ya chivundikirocho. Mukatsimikizira kuti lug yabwino ya terminal ikugwirizana ndi lug yomaliza ya kapu, yendani pa makina ochapira a ultrasonic. Kenako yendani pa switch ya phazi la makina ochapira. Pambuyo pake, chipangizo cha batire chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa mokwanira kuti muwone momwe ma solder tabs akugwirira ntchito.

Yang'anani ngati ma solder tabu ali ofanana.

Kokani pang'onopang'ono pa tabu yosokera kuti muwone ngati yatayikira.

Mabatire omwe chivundikiro cha batri sichinalumikizidwe bwino ayenera kulumikiziridwanso.