Batri ya LiFePO4

Malipoti a Tesla a kotala lachitatu la 2021 adalengeza kusintha kwa mabatire a LiFePO4 kukhala muyezo watsopano m'magalimoto ake. Koma kodi mabatire a LiFePO4 ndi chiyani kwenikweni?

NEW YORK, NEW YORK, USA, Meyi 26, 2022 /EINPresswire.com / — Kodi ndi njira ina yabwino kuposa mabatire a Li-Ion? Kodi mabatire awa amasiyana bwanji ndi mabatire ena?

Chiyambi cha Mabatire a LiFePO4

Batire ya lithiamu iron phosphate (LFP) ndi batire ya lithiamu-ion yomwe imatha kuchajidwa komanso kutulutsa mphamvu mwachangu. Ndi batire yomwe imatha kuchajidwanso yokhala ndi LiFePO4 ngati cathode ndi graphitic carbon electrode yokhala ndi anode yachitsulo.

Mabatire a LiFePO4 ali ndi mphamvu zochepa kuposa mabatire a lithiamu-ion ndipo ma voltage ogwirira ntchito ndi otsika. Ali ndi mphamvu zochepa zotulutsa mpweya zokhala ndi ma curve opingasa ndipo ndi otetezeka kuposa Li-ion. Mabatire awa amadziwikanso kuti mabatire a lithiamu ferrophosphate.

Kupangidwa kwa Mabatire a LiFePO4

Mabatire a LiFePO4 adapangidwa ndi John B. Goodenough ndi Arumugam Manthiram. Iwo anali m'gulu la oyamba kudziwa zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mabatire a lithiamu-ion. Zipangizo za anode sizoyenera mabatire a lithiamu-ion chifukwa chakuti nthawi zambiri amafupikitsa magetsi nthawi yomweyo.

Asayansi apeza kuti zinthu za cathode ndi zabwino poyerekeza ndi ma cathode a batri a lithiamu-ion. Izi zimawonekera makamaka mu mitundu ya batri ya LiFePO4. Zimathandizira kukhazikika ndi kuyendetsa bwino kwa magetsi komanso zimathandizira zinthu zina zosiyanasiyana.

Masiku ano, mabatire a LiFePO4 amapezeka paliponse ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'maboti, machitidwe a dzuwa, ndi magalimoto. Mabatire a LiFePO4 alibe cobalt ndipo ndi otsika mtengo kuposa njira zina zambiri. Si poizoni ndipo amakhala nthawi yayitali.

Mafotokozedwe a Batri ya LFP -

Ntchito ya Machitidwe Oyendetsera Mabatire mu Mabatire a LFP

Mabatire a LFP amapangidwa ndi zinthu zambiri osati ma cell olumikizidwa okha; ali ndi njira yomwe imatsimikizira kuti batire imakhala mkati mwa malire otetezeka. Dongosolo loyang'anira mabatire (BMS) limateteza, kulamulira, ndikuyang'anira batire pansi pa mikhalidwe yogwirira ntchito kuti litsimikizire chitetezo ndikuwonjezera nthawi ya batri.

Ntchito ya Ma Battery Management Systems mu Mabatire a LFP -

Ngakhale kuti maselo a lithiamu iron phosphate ndi olekerera kwambiri, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri akamachaja, zomwe zimachepetsa magwiridwe antchito. Zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa cathode zitha kuwonongeka ndikutaya kukhazikika kwake. BMS imayang'anira kutulutsa kwa selo lililonse ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mphamvu yayikulu ya batri imasungidwa.

Pamene zinthu za electrode zikuchepa, Undervoltage imakhala vuto lalikulu. Ngati magetsi a selo lililonse atsika pansi pa malire enaake, BMS imachotsa batri ku dera. Imagwiranso ntchito ngati choyimitsa magetsi pakakhala kuti magetsi akuyenda mopitirira muyeso ndipo idzatseka ntchito yake panthawi ya short-circuiting.

Mabatire a LiFePO4 vs. Mabatire a Lithium-Ion

Mabatire a LiFePO4 si oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zovalidwa monga mawotchi. Ali ndi mphamvu zochepa kuposa mabatire ena onse a lithiamu. Komabe, ndi abwino kwambiri pamakina amphamvu a dzuwa, ma RV, ma golf ngolo, maboti a bass, ndi njinga zamoto zamagetsi.

★Ubwino waukulu wa mabatire awa ndi nthawi yawo yozungulira.

Mabatire awa amatha kukhala nthawi yayitali kuposa ena nthawi zinayi. Ndi otetezeka ndipo amatha kutulutsa madzi mpaka 100%, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti angagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali.

Pansipa pali zifukwa zina zomwe mabatire awa alili abwino m'malo mwa mabatire a Li-ion.

★ Mtengo Wotsika

Mabatire a LFP amapangidwa ndi chitsulo ndi phosphorous, amakumbidwa pamlingo waukulu, ndipo ndi otsika mtengo. Mtengo wa mabatire a LFP ukuyembekezeka kukhala wotsika ndi 70 peresenti pa kilogalamu kuposa mabatire a NMC okhala ndi nickel. Kapangidwe kake ka mankhwala kamapereka mwayi wokwera mtengo. Mitengo yotsika kwambiri ya ma cell a mabatire a LFP idatsika pansi pa $100/kWh koyamba mu 2020.

★Zotsatira Zing'onozing'ono Zachilengedwe
Mabatire a LFP alibe nickel kapena cobalt, omwe ndi okwera mtengo komanso amakhudza kwambiri chilengedwe. Mabatirewa amatha kuwonjezeredwanso zomwe zimasonyeza kuti ndi abwino kwa chilengedwe.

★Kugwira Ntchito Bwino ndi Kuchita Bwino
Mabatire a LFP amadziwika kuti amakhala ndi moyo wautali, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti akhale otchuka kwambiri pa ntchito zomwe zimafuna mphamvu yodalirika komanso yokhazikika pakapita nthawi. Mabatirewa amataya mphamvu pang'onopang'ono kuposa mabatire ena a lithiamu-ion, zomwe zimathandiza kuti agwire ntchito bwino kwa nthawi yayitali. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi mphamvu yochepa yogwirira ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti asagwere mkati komanso kuti azitha kuthamangitsa/kutulutsa mphamvu mwachangu.

★Kulimbitsa Chitetezo ndi Kukhazikika
Mabatire a LFP ndi olimba pa kutentha komanso mankhwala, motero satha kuphulika kapena kugwira moto. LFP imapanga gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu ndi limodzi a kutentha kwa NMC yolemera nickel. Chifukwa chakuti mgwirizano wa Co-O ndi wolimba m'mabatire a LFP, maatomu a okosijeni amatulutsidwa pang'onopang'ono ngati afupikitsidwa kapena kutenthedwa kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, palibe lithiamu yomwe imatsalira m'maselo omwe ali ndi mphamvu zonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azilimbana kwambiri ndi kutayika kwa okosijeni poyerekeza ndi zomwe zimachitika m'maselo ena a lithiamu.

★Yaing'ono komanso Yopepuka
Mabatire a LFP ndi opepuka pafupifupi 50% kuposa mabatire a lithiamu manganese oxide. Ndi opepuka mpaka 70% kuposa mabatire a lead-acid. Mukagwiritsa ntchito batire ya LiFePO4 mgalimoto, mumagwiritsa ntchito mafuta ochepa ndipo mumatha kusinthasintha mosavuta. Ndi ang'onoang'ono komanso ang'onoang'ono, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wosunga malo pa scooter yanu, bwato, RV, kapena ntchito zamafakitale.

Mabatire a LiFePO4 vs. Mabatire Osakhala a Lithium
Mabatire osakhala a lithiamu ali ndi ubwino wambiri koma mwina angasinthidwe pakati pa nthawiyo chifukwa cha kuthekera kwa mabatire atsopano a LiFePo4 popeza ukadaulo wakale ndi wokwera mtengo komanso wosagwira ntchito bwino.

☆ Mabatire a Lead Acid
Mabatire a lead-acid angawoneke ngati otsika mtengo poyamba, koma pamapeto pake amakhala okwera mtengo kwambiri. Izi zimachitika chifukwa amafunika kukonzedwa pafupipafupi komanso kusinthidwa. Batire ya LiFePO4 idzakhala nthawi yayitali nthawi ziwiri kapena zinayi popanda kufunikira kukonza.

☆Mabatire a Gel
Mabatire a gel, monga mabatire a LiFePO4, safuna kuwonjezeredwa nthawi zambiri ndipo sataya mphamvu akamasungidwa. Koma mabatire a gel amachajidwa pang'onopang'ono. Amafunika kuchotsedwa mphamvu akangodzaza kuti asawonongeke.

☆Mabatire a AGM
Ngakhale mabatire a AGM ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chowonongeka osakwana 50%, mabatire a LiFePO4 amatha kutulutsidwa kwathunthu popanda chiopsezo chilichonse cha kuwonongeka. Komanso, n'zovuta kuwasungabe.

Mapulogalamu a Mabatire a LiFePO4
Mabatire a LiFePO4 ali ndi ntchito zambiri zofunika, kuphatikizapo

●Mabwato Osodza ndi Ma Kayak: Mutha kukhala nthawi yambiri pamadzi ndi nthawi yochepa yochaja komanso nthawi yayitali yogwira ntchito. Kulemera kochepa kumakupatsani mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito mosavuta komanso kuthamanga mofulumira pamasewera osodza ovuta kwambiri.

●Ma scooter ndi ma moped oyenda: Palibe cholemera chocheperako chomwe chingakuchepetsereni liwiro. Chaja batri yanu mpaka mphamvu yocheperako kuti muyende popanda kuiwononga.

●Mapangidwe a dzuwa: Nyamulani mabatire opepuka a LiFePO4 kulikonse komwe moyo ukukutengerani (ngakhale kukwera phiri kapena kutali ndi gridi) kuti mugwiritse ntchito mphamvu ya dzuwa.

●Kugwiritsa ntchito pamalonda: Awa ndi mabatire otetezeka komanso olimba kwambiri a lithiamu omwe amawapangitsa kukhala abwino kwambiri pa ntchito zamafakitale monga makina apansi, ma liftgate, ndi zina zambiri.

Kuphatikiza apo, mabatire a lithiamu iron phosphate amayendetsa zida zina zambiri monga ma tochi, ndudu zamagetsi, zida za wailesi, magetsi owunikira mwadzidzidzi, ndi zina.

Mwayi Wokhazikitsa LFP Yonse
Ngakhale mabatire a LFP ndi otsika mtengo komanso okhazikika kuposa njira zina, kuchuluka kwa mphamvu kwakhala cholepheretsa chachikulu pakugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mabatire ambiri. Mabatire a LFP ali ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu kochepa kwambiri, kuyambira pakati pa 15 ndi 25%. Komabe, izi zikusintha pogwiritsa ntchito ma electrode okhuthala ngati omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu Model 3 yopangidwa ku Shanghai, yomwe ili ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya 359Wh/lita.

Chifukwa cha nthawi yayitali ya mabatire a LFP, ali ndi mphamvu zambiri kuposa mabatire a Li-ion okhala ndi kulemera kofanana. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mphamvu ya mabatirewa idzafanana kwambiri pakapita nthawi.

Cholepheretsa china chogwiritsa ntchito magalimoto ambiri ndichakuti China yakhala ikulamulira msika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ma patent a LFP. Pamene ma patent amenewa akutha, pali malingaliro akuti kupanga kwa LFP, monga kupanga magalimoto, kudzachitika m'deralo.

Makampani akuluakulu opanga magalimoto monga Ford, Volkswagen, ndi Tesla akugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri ukadaulowu posintha ma nickel kapena cobalt. Kulengeza kwaposachedwa kwa Tesla mu zosintha zake za kotala ndi chiyambi chabe. Tesla idaperekanso zosintha zazifupi pa paketi yake ya batri ya 4680, yomwe idzakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso yosiyana. Ndizothekanso kuti Tesla idzagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe ka "cell-to-pack" kuti ipangitse maselo ambiri kukhala olimba ndikuchepetsa mphamvu.

Ngakhale kuti ndi yakale,LFPndipo kuchepetsa mtengo wa batri kungakhale kofunikira kwambiri pakufulumizitsa kugwiritsa ntchito ma EV ambiri. Pofika chaka cha 2023, mitengo ya lithiamu-ion ikuyembekezeka kukhala pafupifupi $100/kWh. Ma LFP angathandize opanga magalimoto kugogomezera zinthu monga kusavuta kapena nthawi yowonjezera mphamvu m'malo mongogula mtengo.