Chinsinsi cha moyo wautali wa mabatire omwe amatha kuchangidwanso chingakhale pakukumbatirana kwa kusiyana.Mawonekedwe atsopano a momwe maselo a lithiamu-ion mu paketi amawononga amawonetsa njira yosinthira kutengera mphamvu ya selo lililonse kuti mabatire a EV athe kuthana ndi maulendo ambiri ndikuletsa kulephera.

Kafukufuku, wofalitsidwa Nov. 5 muIEEE Transactions pa Control Systems Technology, ikuwonetsa momwe kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa magetsi akuyenderera ku selo iliyonse mu paketi, m'malo mopereka ndalama mofanana, kungachepetse kuwonongeka.Njirayi imalola kuti selo lililonse likhale ndi moyo wabwino kwambiri komanso wautali kwambiri.

Malinga ndi pulofesa waku Stanford komanso wolemba kafukufuku wamkulu a Simona Onori, zofananira zoyambira zimawonetsa kuti mabatire omwe amayendetsedwa ndi ukadaulo watsopano amatha kuthamangitsa ma 20% owonjezera, ngakhale kulipiritsa pafupipafupi, komwe kumapangitsa kuti batire ivutike.

Zoyeserera zambiri zam'mbuyomu zotalikitsa moyo wa batri yamagalimoto amagetsi zakhala zikuyang'ana kwambiri pakuwongolera mapangidwe, zida, ndi kupanga ma cell amodzi, kutengera mfundo yakuti, monga maulalo mu unyolo, paketi ya batri ndi yabwino ngati selo lake lofooka kwambiri.Kafukufuku watsopanoyu akuyamba ndikumvetsetsa kuti ngakhale maulalo ofooka sangapeweke - chifukwa cha zolakwika zopanga komanso chifukwa maselo ena amawonongeka mwachangu kuposa ena chifukwa amakumana ndi zovuta ngati kutentha - sayenera kutsitsa paketi yonse.Chofunikira ndikusintha mitengo yolipiritsa kuti igwirizane ndi kuchuluka kwapadera kwa selo lililonse kuti mupewe kulephera.

"Ngati sizingasamalidwe bwino, ma cell-to-cell heterogeneity amatha kusokoneza moyo wautali, thanzi, komanso chitetezo cha batire ndikupangitsa kuti paketi ya batire isagwire bwino," atero Onori, yemwe ndi pulofesa wothandizira paukadaulo wa sayansi yamagetsi ku Stanford Doerr. Sukulu ya Sustainability."Mayendedwe athu amafananiza mphamvu mu cell iliyonse mu paketi, kubweretsa maselo onse kumalo omaliza omwe akuwongolera moyenera ndikuwongolera moyo wautali wa paketi."

Wowuziridwa kuti apange batire ya miliyoni miliyoni

Chimodzi mwazolimbikitsa pakufufuza kwatsopanochi chimachokera ku chilengezo cha 2020 cha Tesla, kampani yamagalimoto amagetsi, yogwira ntchito pa "batire yamamiliyoni".Izi zitha kukhala batire yomwe imatha kuyendetsa galimoto kwa 1 miliyoni mailosi kapena kupitilira apo (ndi kuyitanitsa nthawi zonse) isanafike pomwe, ngati batire ya lithiamu-ion mufoni yakale kapena laputopu, batire ya EV imakhala ndi ndalama zochepa kwambiri kuti igwire ntchito. .

Batire yotereyi imatha kupitilira chitsimikizo chamagetsi chamagetsi chamagetsi chazaka zisanu ndi zitatu kapena ma 100,000 mailosi.Ngakhale mapaketi a batire amapitilira chitsimikiziro chawo, kudalira kwa ogula pamagalimoto amagetsi kumatha kulimbikitsidwa ngati ma batire okwera mtengo olowa m'malo sakhala osowa.Batire yomwe imatha kukhalabe ndi ndalama pambuyo pa kuyitanitsanso zikwizikwi imathanso kuchepetsa njira yopangira magetsi pamagalimoto oyenda nthawi yayitali, komanso kutengera makina otchedwa magalimoto-to-grid system, momwe mabatire a EV amasungira ndikutumiza mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa kwa gridi yamagetsi.

"Pambuyo pake zidafotokozedwa kuti lingaliro la batri la miliyoni miliyoni silinali chemistry yatsopano, koma njira yokhayo yogwiritsira ntchito batire posagwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwa charger," adatero Onori.Kafukufuku wofananira wakhazikika pama cell amodzi a lithiamu-ion, omwe nthawi zambiri samataya mphamvu mwachangu monga momwe mapaketi athunthu amachitira.

Mochita chidwi, Onori ndi ofufuza awiri mu labu yake - katswiri wamaphunziro a postdoctoral Vahid Azimi ndi wophunzira wa PhD Anirudh Allam - adaganiza zofufuza momwe kasamalidwe ka ma batri omwe alipo angasinthire magwiridwe antchito ndi moyo wautumiki wa paketi yonse ya batri, yomwe imatha kukhala ndi mazana kapena masauzande a maselo. .

Mtundu wa batri wodalirika kwambiri

Monga sitepe yoyamba, ochita kafukufukuwo adapanga chitsanzo chapamwamba cha makompyuta cha khalidwe la batri chomwe chimayimira molondola kusintha kwa thupi ndi mankhwala komwe kumachitika mkati mwa batri panthawi ya moyo wake.Zina mwa zosinthazi zimachitika pakangopita masekondi kapena mphindi - zina m'miyezi kapena zaka.

"Monga momwe timadziwira, palibe phunziro lapitalo lomwe linagwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa batri wodalirika kwambiri, wochuluka wa nthawi zambiri womwe tinapanga," anatero Onori, yemwe ndi mkulu wa Stanford Energy Control Lab.

Mafanizidwe oyendetsa ndi modeli adawonetsa kuti paketi yamakono ya batri ikhoza kukonzedwa bwino ndikuwongoleredwa potengera kusiyana pakati pa ma cell ake.Onori ndi ogwira nawo ntchito akuwona chitsanzo chawo chikugwiritsidwa ntchito kutsogolera chitukuko cha machitidwe oyendetsa mabatire m'zaka zikubwerazi zomwe zitha kutumizidwa mosavuta pamapangidwe omwe alipo kale.

Si magalimoto amagetsi okha omwe amapindula.Pafupifupi ntchito iliyonse yomwe "ikuvutitsa batire kwambiri" ikhoza kukhala njira yabwino yoyendetsera bwino yodziwitsidwa ndi zotsatira zatsopano, adatero Onori.Chitsanzo chimodzi?Ndege zokhala ngati ma drone zonyamuka ndi kutera kwamagetsi, zomwe nthawi zina zimatchedwa eVTOL, zomwe amalonda ena amayembekeza kuti azigwira ntchito ngati ma taxi oyendetsa ndege ndikupereka ntchito zina zamatauni pazaka khumi zikubwerazi.Komabe, ntchito zina zamabatire a lithiamu-ion omwe amatha kuchangidwa, kuphatikiza ndege wamba komanso kusungirako kwakukulu kwa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa.

"Mabatire a lithiamu-ion asintha kale dziko m'njira zambiri," adatero Onori."Ndikofunikira kuti tipeze zambiri momwe tingathere kuchokera kuukadaulo wosinthawu komanso omwe akubwera m'malo mwake."